Human development the three domains Essay Essays

Human improvement the three spaces Essay Essays Human improvement the three spaces Essay Paper Human improvement the three spaces Essay Paper They start to compose their ain positions, for example, which athleticss to play. which gatherings of companions to be remembered for. also, what individual visual perspectives are alluring. The improvement in accepting that occurs during youthfulness requests encouraging with the goal for it to create. On the off chance that a fledgling is non presented to digest develops and considerations at place and in school. so this capacity decays. furthermore, the youthful may go up to be an adult who is a solid brain in many aspects of life ( Huitt. W. . A ; Hummel. J. 2003 ) . The youngster would non have the option to do smart conclusions about existence in a cutting edge society. Enthusiastic and cultural circle expresses the adjustments in passionate conveying. conscience - understanding. perception about others. relational achievements. benevolent connections. personal connections. furthermore, moral coherent reasoning and conduct. During puberty. the modifications of benevolent relationship happen. going in the method of commonality and genuineness. Girl’s companionships topographic point more prominent emphasize on passionate closeness. male childs on position and order ( Berk. 2003 ) . All through youthfulness the whole of clasp went through with companions increases. Youths appreciate passing clasp with their companions. They feel increasingly comprehended and acknowledged by their companions. Less clasp is gone through with guardians. Female juvenile will in general put significance on fascination. Regularly reasons for hapless self-prides are when adolescents do non appreciate themselves as appealing. Normally. confidence increments during late youthfulness as adolescents build up a superior feeling of who they are ( University of Michigan Health System ) ( UMHS ) . A general representation that unmistakably recognizes each of the three circles including social/passionate. intellectual and physical is a fledgling who is playing an affiliation football competition. Genuinely he is kicking the ball and running other than he feels the stinging on his leg when he kicks the ball. Subjectively he is accepting imagine a scenario in which he misses the end. As such his full focus is just ready. In footings of his enthusiastic inclination he is encountering compelled and anxious. Socially he is pass oning with different members in his crew. In this way these representations plainly recognizes the three circles are interrelated. Nature impacts, for example, approaches. family unit and guidance have molded my life and have formed my alone turn of events. Friends have impacted deciding my life. The equivalent gathering is of import since it enables a child to learn cultural. neighborly relationship. genuineness. what's more, values with different equivalents. Friends do hold more prominent impact over undertakings of quick way of life. for example, melodic gustatory sensations or recreation exercises ( Troll and Bengston. 1982 and Davies and Kandel. as refered to in Robertson. 1989. p. 84 ) . For an incredible duration rises to have at any point been of import to me. As I developed more seasoned I spent increasingly more clasp in the organization of my equivalents. Going through clasp with my equivalents I felt progressively associated. I picked approaches who acknowledge me and whom I partition my perspectives and inclusions. I can swear my companions and we help each other out when we have occupations. Companionship furnishes fledglings with a warm. close and swearing relationship ( Santrock 2002 ) . My equivalents have helped me to be increasingly free and certain. I was shy. Or maybe. be that as it may, by doing companions I felt increasingly comfortable and autonomous around them and around others. The family unit has the best effect on people’s life. From the moment of birth. kids have and credited situation in a subculture of race. class. ethnicity. confidence. what's more, district all of which may unequivocally follow up on the idea of therefore cultural collaboration and socialization. For representation. the qualities and standpoints that children learn depend extremely much on the cultural class of their folks ( Robertson. 1989 ) . I accept my family has affected deciding my turn of events. In my associations with my family we show regard for one another and we have values in our home. Most qualities that I hold have been my convictions in confidence. It was my folks who showed me the convictions that god exists and today I am a solid truster of God. We have Hindu conventions that we celebrate together including Diwali ( celebration of obvious radiations ) . All through secondary school I didn’t rage. drink or get into drugs this is a result of my cozy relationship with my family. sound loosened conveying and parental help. Research shows youngsters who have positive associations with their folks are more averse to indict in grouped peril practices. counting smoke. battle and soaking up ( Santrock 2002 ) . My family unit has other than impacted my dietetic conduct inside my place condition. My folks are veggie lover and this has immensy affected my eating regimen today. They have emphatically underlined no fierce demise of vitalize creatures. Training is another ecological impact that has molded my turn of events. Training is the efficient. formalized transmittal of insight. achievement. also, values ( Robertson. 1989 ) . Through guidance I have figured out how to talk English which is my second etymological correspondence. Language has helped me to pass on with others and has helped me to introduce my inner self to a more extensive network of individuals. By venturing out to class I have taken in a collection of realities and achievements, for example, communicating with others. Through commitment in scholarly plans and grounds life. understudies occupied with geographic endeavor that produces augmentations in discernment and finishing up capacity. reexamined perspectives and qualities. improved confidence and self comprehension. also, preparing for a high-status calling ( Berk. 2007 ) . Schools have other than shown me wonts of instantaneousness and respect to approval. this has helped me for an incredible duration. Through my guidance I have begun to eat well supplement and practicing all the time as before I would eat a clump of prepared and unfortunate supplement. ( REF ) . Instruction has been an of import opportunity to word related and monetary achievement. It has enabled me to go to college and complete my confirmation program which will take me to lone wolf of nursing grade. To reason its relevant impacts that drives these three circles which are physical. intellectual and enthusiastic/social circles. for delineation obligation. condition. supplement. guidance. family unit. connections and progress. These are utilized in ordinary life. Berk. L. E. ( 2007 ) . Advancement through the lifetime ( fourth ed. ) . Boston: Allyn A ; Bacon. Robertson. I. ( 1989 ) . Soialization. In the public arena: A concise presentation. ( pp. 69-93 ) . New York: Worth. Santrock. J. . ( 2002 ) . Life expectancy advancement. ( eighth ed. ) . Boston: McGraw Hill.

Americas First Bioterrorism Attack essays

Americas First Bioterrorism Attack articles This is franticness! Whats happened to the world? Is everybody gone crazy? In a matter of way, this is the thing that happens when you include yourself in others business, as U.S. does all the cracking time. I dont know whether there is one single war theyve missed, Im almost certain theyve been in practically all the wars and struggle everywhere throughout the world. I cannot comprehend why they want to include them self in these wars? Perhaps they dont need to be deserted? I think this huge clash between America an Osama Bin Laden is in a manner sort of silly. Particularly this organic fighting they are having now. I truly think its senseless, and not to overlook fainthearted! Youre not a genuine man on the off chance that you cannot meet your adversary eye to eye! While the physical spread of Bacillus anthracis has up to this point demonstrated genuinely restricted, the dispersal of its mystic result, dread, has been very fruitful. In the U.S., another round of dangers keeps on testing the countrys nerves. Im happy Im not living in America at this moment. That cant be fun at the present time, with every one of these dangers hanging over their heads. The phantom of the minuscule spores has sent several thousands hurrying to their primary care physicians workplaces and drug stores, asking for prophylactic anti-toxins. Thirteen individuals are presently affirmed to have either been presented to Bacillus anthracis or to really have the sickness. Time, 16.10-01 ... <!

12 Things to Do When You Dont Feel Inspired to Write

12 Things to Do When You Dont Feel Inspired to Write Weve all been there. The assignment has been given and youve done your research. Or you know the story you want to writeâ€"its just time to start writing it.Then the words wont happen. You stare at a blank screen and think, Maybe if I try hard enough, theyll just start flowing. So, you think harder and you stare even harder, but writers block seems a very real thing, despite its doubters. What do you do when you dont feel the inspiration to write?Heres a list of 12 things you can do right now to smash your writers block to smithereens.Read a bookStephen King once wrote, If you dont have time to read, you dont have the time (or the tools) to write. Simple as that. So, there are two things that reading a book will do for you if you find yourself without inspiration to write. First, if its a well written one, it will show you what you need to do to craft a good story. Second, it will clear your head (and your schedule) for a few minutes to allow inspiration to flow easier.Go for a walkT here are several beneficial things that happen to your brain when you exercise. This particular study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition showed that walking affects the brain by encouraging a free flow of ideas, making it a great way to get the creative juices flowing when you dont feel inspired to write.Drink a glass of wineFamous alcoholic writers aside, a study in the journal Consciousness Cognition showed that a small amount of alcohol can indeed help a writer be more creative. The studys lead author, Dr. Mathias Benedek, said there were two possible reasons alcohol makes creativity happen. First, it helps you to not be fixated on a problem, as it makes it more difficult to focus, helping your mind get unstuck from its fixation. Second, since it distracts you from the central task at hand (writing), it helps the mind work on a more subconscious level, which is where inspiration often happens in the first place. However, the stud ys authors were quick to point out that moderate to heavy drinkers should expect decreased creativity.Change your environmentSometimes a simple change in your environment is all that is needed to feel inspired to write. If youre indoors and feeling uninspired, try going outdoors. If youre in your office or preferred writing space and still without inspiration, light a candle, open a window, turn a fan on, change the lightingâ€"do something to alter your environment. Even the slightest change in environment will encourage your brain to reset from whatever mode its stuck in, and hopefully move it toward a more creative process. Or check out this article for 10 unexpected places that can inspire you to write.Do the 30 Circles TestThis creative exercise, developed by Bob McKim and later featured on Tim Browns TEDTalk on creativity, is a quick way to exercise your brain and encourage it to go into a more creative mode. First, draw 30 circles on a piece of paper, like this:30 Circles Test ?Next, start a timer at 3 minutes and see how many designs you can incorporate into each of the circles that are varied and unique. The goal is quantity of circles filled rather than quality of your sketches. For example, the first circle might be a globe, while the next circle could be a sun. Continue drawing in each of the circles until the 3 minutes is up and see how many you can complete within that timeframe.Wash the dishes or [insert random chore here]Distraction can work against you but can also be a good thing if youre waiting on inspiration to strike. Getting away from your laptop, moving around, and completing a chore or two not only resets your mind away from the blank page and more toward getting things doneâ€"it also makes your house a lot cleaner on particularly unproductive writing days. If nothing else, thats making lemonade of lemons!Drink a cup of coffeeIts no secret among writers and creativesâ€"coffee is where its at when creative energy is low. And theres scienc e to back this up. For example, in this study published in Nature Neuroscience, scientists found that caffeine strengthens electrical signals in rats hippocampus. This means that coffee has the potential to strengthen synapses associated with creativity and in moderate doses, can help a writer get past the uninspired moments.Eat chocolateThere are a ton of medical and mental benefits to eating chocolate, including benefiting creativity. Dont believe me? Check out this study published by the Journal of Nutrition. Dark chocolate is especially healthy, with just the right amount of caffeine and serotonin-boosting chemicals to set your brain in high creative gear.Write anywayMany writers believe that if you just start putting words on a page, theyll end up turning into something good. Its the something is better than nothing philosophy, and at the very least, is a stream-of-consciousness exercise that forces the brain to get into creative mode. A lot of writers have made a decent living and name for themselves with this kind of unedited, spur-of-the-moment prose (Hunter S. Thompson, for example)â€"perhaps because they saw the benefit of it to get a writer out of self-doubting and self-editing habits.MeditateProponents of meditation have long sung its praises in how it affects their minds and bodies. Now, there is research out of Leiden University in the Netherlands, which studied two types of mediation and how it affected a persons creative functioning. After assigning two types of meditation to the study participants, focused-attention (focusing on your breath) and open-monitoring (focusing on inner and outer states), the studys authors showed that participants who practiced open-monitoring meditation were better able to come up with new or divergent ideas.Eat fatty fishFatty fish like salmon, halibut, and tuna are a great natural source for Omega-3 fatty acids. In addition to the many diseases Omega-3 acids have been found to help protect the body against, Omega -3s also provide the building blocks for DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). DHA makes up a large part of the cerebral cortex, the part of the brain responsible for?memory, language, abstraction, creativity, judgment, emotion and attention. DHA also supports neurotransmitter health, involving dopamine, serotonin, GABA, and acetylcholine.Turn off your computer and go do something elseâ€"anything elseThe power of distraction is significant if you can manage to not be distracted too much. One study published in Psychological Science used an incubation paradigm to assess whether performance on validated creativity problems can be facilitated by engaging in either a demanding task or an undemanding task that maximizes mind wandering. Put simply, the researchers tried distracting the studys participants with a hard task and an easy task to encourage creative output and found that simple, nondemanding tasks allow the mind to be distracted just enough to encourage creative problem solving.

Call Of The Wild By Jack London - 1448 Words

Call of the Wild is a novella written by Jack London that is ironic about life and the way we look at it. We look at life as humans and other things are just living in our world, that nothing else has a say in the world because we do not speak the same languages. Example of this is how we â€Å"own† dogs, cats, horses, etc; we do not â€Å"own† them, they are their own being with goals of their own. We may not be able to understand what they are saying or what they are thinking, but as London explains throughout his novella, one dog in particular has such high aspirations for himself that he will not quit for anything and his name is Buck. Never giving up on what you want in your life is the real message in this story that is being portrayed through the life of Buck. Jack London’s attitude in the text made it very apparent how he felt about life. In retrospect, he said that you do what you have to do to survive. One of the very first examples of why he believed this is in the novella, when Buck was taken from his castle in the Santa Clara Valley. Buck had no idea where he was, where he was going to, or why. He soon found out that he was going to be a sled dog and was auctioned off; Buck did not like that. He fought with the man in the red sweater and he finally surrendered so that he did not get beaten to death. London expresses that Buck just did what he had to do by saying, â€Å"He was beaten (he knew that); but he was not broken† (Call of the Wild, London) Another example of when BuckShow MoreRelatedJack London: The Call Of The Wild550 Words   |  2 Pages Jack London: The Call Of The Wild Well the main character is buck. He was born on a judge’s ranch in Mexico. He was the king of the ranch, everyone loved him. Them one day a gardener took him for a walk, and he was sold. He fought the man that bought him; he was stuffed in a cage. Buck is a huge half breed saint Bernard, and Scottish shepherd. He Is sent to Alaska and sold for a sled dog. He goes through several different owners. The story takes place in the late 1800’s, during the gold rushRead MoreThe Call Of The Wild By Jack London802 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel The Call of the Wild is written by Jack London. The novel is known as an adventure fiction; it is known as an adventure fiction because it is based on an adventure by London, but is put into a fictional reading. This novel is told about a dog and his life struggles, but it is based on an adventure taken by London. This novel is important to us because it gives us an insight on how important it is to fight for what you want, and defend your place in life. The theme of this novel is to workRead MoreThe Call Of The Wild By Jack London1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe Call of the Wild is a novel by Jack London, and is a very interesting fiction novel that contains elements of happiness, sadness, failure, and triumph(with a hint of anger). This book shows the strong bond between man and beast, and helps the reader understand the strong loves s hared(and lost). This book can show how change affects someone, and how it can affect the people around them. This book has a lot of important morals, which can teach the reader patience, sorrow, and true compassion. TheRead MoreJack London and His Call of the Wild1150 Words   |  5 Pagesof the parts of his nature that were deeper than he, going back into the womb of Time. - Jack London, The Call of the Wild, Ch. 3 (Jack London Quotes). This quote summarizes the success of Jack London’s writing career in one simple sentence. London’s success and inspiration for his naturalist style can be accredited to the way in which he was raised, and his experiences during his lifetime. Jack London, was born John Griffith Chaney on January 12, 1876 near San Francisco, California. His motherRead MoreCall Of The Wild By Jack London1386 Words   |  6 Pages Two of Jack London’s most famous stories are Call of the Wild and To Build a Fire. Call of the Wild is a novel about a dog named Buck, who is stolen away from his home in California and sold in Canada to become a member in a dog sled team. Then Buck learns the law of club and fang, and he becomes the leader of his team and eventually breaks away from captivity to become a wild dog roaming forest. To Build a Fire, on the other hand, is a short story about a man who is traveling through Canada inRead MoreThe Call of the Wild, by Jack London985 Words   |  4 PagesLondon introduces the only other companion for the man on the trip, the dog—a native husky with a heavy coat of fur, which has adapted to survive the dangers of the cold wilderness. Unlike the man, the dog does not have a â€Å"sharp cons ciousness of a condition of very cold such as was in the man’s brain,† but instead the â€Å"brute had its instinct† (London 630). London contrasts the man’s intelligence with dog’s instinct, which doesn’t use human measurements to show temperature. The man pities the dogRead MoreThe Call of the Wild by Jack London Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesThe Call of the Wild by Jack London The title of the book is The Call of the Wild and was written by Jack London in 1903. He was the son of an Irish-American astrologer and his mother was Flora Wellman, the odd one out of a well to do family. They lived a life of poverty in Pennsylvania. Jack read a lot and at the age of fifteen left home and travelled around North America as a tramp. On charges of vagrancy, he spent 30 days in prison. After educating himself he managedRead MoreSummary Of The Call Of The Wild By Jack London1908 Words   |  8 Pages Ms. Stone English 10 H 11 November 2016 Journal Entry #1: The Call Of The Wild, by Jack London 1. Section Summary A large dog, named Buck, lives on a big estate in the heart of Santa Clara Valley. While in the midst a famous gold rush in Klondike, Canada, many men need sled dogs to get around on the snow. Buck does not realize the great fear that he is in while living during this time. Manuel, a gardener on the estate that Buck lives on, gambles Buck to another man and loses. Buck beginsRead MoreAnalysis Of Jack London s The Call Of The Wild 1306 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent literary movements. Authors choose the writing style they want, and whether or not to be in a movement. Jack London was one of these authors. He chose to be a part of the naturalism movement. Naturalism is a literary movement with the belief that humans and animals being shaped by their environment. He then chose to use indirect discourse in one of his most popular books The Call of the Wild. Free Indirect Discourse is when the reader knows the thoughts of the main character while having a thirdRead MoreWilderness in Ca ll of the Wild by Jack London Essay573 Words   |  3 PagesSymbolism Many of the characters in The Call of the Wild symbolize specific qualities. One example of this is Mercedes. She represents greed and being spoiled. Mercedes enters the wilderness clueless to what toll it will take on her. â€Å"†Undreamed of!† cried Mercedes, throwing up her hands in dainty dismay† (73). This quote shows that she was expecting (and hoping) for a more pampered way of life out in the Klondike. Mercedes could also represent the unpreparedness of most of the people going to

Lions Roar Mandala Tibetan Buddhist Meditation Dharma...

Lion’s Roar Mandala Tibetan Buddhist Meditation Dharma Center meets at the Do Nga Dhargey Temple, meaning â€Å"Sutra and Tantra Flourishing† (Location). Sutra means â€Å"a collection of aphorisms relating to some aspect of the conduct of life† (Sutra). In other words, they are sayings that are meant to help you to reflect on life and how we should all act. Tantra is when you try to make a connection with the Buddha(s) through yoga and meditations. Upon approaching the temple, one cannot help, but to notice how clean their temple is from outside; the lawn is mowed, the path is swept, the building is without stains or damages, the bushes and trees are pruned, even the gate looks nice! Arriving a few minutes early to the â€Å"Mindful Meditation for Everybody† 9AM session on October 24th, taking my Jordan’s – sneakers – off and one of the members giving me a prayer book, there is a box for donation. This is important because churches, temples and mosques need to have a way for sustaining their location. I respect that they do not force payment. I was quickly and vaguely given the run down by others participating. Most everyone was sitting in the seats, few on cushions, when the gong rang. As the teacher walked in, everyone stood and bowed as a sign of respect and did not sit until he did. The altar was covered in fabric and pictures of Buddha in yoga position (Buddha almost seemed as a deity). Prayer was done in English from a prayer book. It was a little baffling as to why Buddhists

Mongol Criticisms Free Essays

November 28, 2010 Mongol Invasions The Mongol Invasions of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries have long been a point of contention amongst historians and scholars. The series of assaults launched on behalf of the Mongols ultimately amounted to a holocaust in which few were spared. Though the immediate impacts of the conquests were undeniably horrific, some historians have commended later Mongol regimes for the institutional reforms they introduced. We will write a custom essay sample on Mongol Criticisms or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, even with these post invasion innovations in mind, a legitimate rationale behind the excessive destruction and violence is still a question for debate. When examining the ideological motives of the Mongols, it is clear that they were radically impassioned by their beliefs. Unfortunately, the logic behind these beliefs is less clear. Taking into consideration the relevant religious debate during the time period as exemplified in â€Å"William of Rubric’s Account of the Mongol Invasions† as well as the pertinent humanitarian concerns best illustrated by renowned historian Ibn al-Athir, criticisms regarding the religious legitimacy and negative humanitarian impacts of the Mongol Invasions are valid assessments. The first controversy surrounding the impact of the Mongol invasions is whether or not their motives were legitimate. Much of historian criticism suggests that the religious and ideological beliefs of the Mongols that compelled them to action were both extremist and illogical. The second topic of debate is whether, with those motives in mind, the extermination of such an enormous group of people, could possibly be justified. In contrast with these historians’ criticisms, some historians commend the institutional reforms and cultural changes initiated by the Mongols. However, considering the inhumanity of systematically exterminating entire civilizations based on religious and ideological beliefs that are in many ways flawed, historian criticisms are both appropriate and compelling. The religious foundations of the Mongol invasions have been subject to criticisms from historians who raise interesting ideological concerns. Some historians argue that no event so catastrophic could possibly hold any justification in religion nor could it be condoned for whatever long-term beneficial effects[1]. According to Ibn al-athir, â€Å"there is no strength and no power save in God, the High, the Almighty, in face of this catastrophe, whereof sparks flew far and wide, and the hurt was universal†. It has also been suggested that Mongol religion did not take into account morality nor incorporate any codes for governing human behavior. The tribe’s original religious identity was based in Tengriism, or the worship of an Eternal Blue Sky god. In practice, Tengriism was notably primitive. Ibn al-Athir confirms this observation in saying, â€Å"As for their religion, they worship the sun when it rises, and regard nothing as unlawful†. A religion that takes no particular stance on fundamental moral issues and provides no feasible code of living for it’s followers is a religion that encourages chaos. But an even more obtrusive Mongol belief was in their God given destiny to conquer the entirety of the known world. They defined this destiny as an attempt to â€Å"purify the earth of the disorders that taint[ed] it† (96). Or in other words, to destroy any civilization whose beliefs did not coincide with theirs. By modern standards, the Mongol invasions could be classified as genocide. The arrogance of the Mongols also ensured the continuity of the movement. In William Rubruck’s account of the Mongols, it is evident that the perspectives of other religious, social, or political parties were largely suppressed. Tolerance for opinions that conflicted with Mongol regimes was minimal, and their violent history instilled a level of fear in people that kept them quiet. Combined with their passionate objective to carry out God’s will, Mongol arrogance and intolerance gave the movement frightening momentum. Being violently impassioned by these questionable beliefs, it is not surprising that the actions of the Mongols were also very controversial. The systematic extermination of hundreds of thousands of people, involving cases of torture and public killings, undoubtedly constitutes a humanitarian catastrophe. For Ibn al- Athir, the Mongol invasions represented â€Å"the greatest catastrophe and the most dire calamity (of the like of which and days and nights are innocent) which befell all men generally†. He comes to this conclusion in part by considering the most tragic event preceding the invasions. This event was Nebuchadnezzar’s destruction of Jerusalem and the slaughtering of the children of Israel. In his comparison he notes that the Mongols killed more people in a single city then all of the children that were massacred in Israel, thus deeming the invasions the single most catastrophic event in history at that time. During the Mongol’s invasions they destroyed villages, and desecrated countless schools, libraries, mosques, and palaces. Many historians perceive their militant tactics as being ruthless and barbaric. Examples of such acts are: The flooding or burning of entire villages, pouring molten gold down the throat of a Muslim governor, creating public pyramids from victims severed heads, and even slaughtering dogs and cats on the street. Ibn al- Athir comments on the merciless approach of the Mongols by asserting that â€Å"Even Antichrist would spare such that follow him, though he destroy those who oppose him, but these Tartar’s spared none, slaying women and men and children, ripping open pregnant women and killing unborn babies†. This reiterates the dilemma of how any event so atrocious in it’s impact could have any legitimate rationale behind it. Accredited arguments in support of the Mongol Invasions commend the long-term effects of Mongol rule. The two most prevalent to the debate are: First, that a post invasion shift toward government centralization occurred and ultimately benefited Middle Eastern infrastructures. Second, that the Mongols introduced a new phase of creativity to the Middle East. Some historians have labeled the shift back toward government centralization as the rebirth of the Iranian Monarchial System and commend it for having â€Å"recreated the brilliance of Saljuq-Period Turkic-Iranian monarchical culture†. They argue that this change enabled innovative developments and constructions such as building cities, developing irrigation works, and trade expansion. Furthermore, some argue that the synthesis of Mongol, Turkic, Seljuq, and Iranian concepts gave birth to a uniquely innovative and artistic culture. Evidence supporting this conception includes the flourishing of historical writings, the revival of painting and illustration, and architectural advancements. It is true that Mongol rule saw a complete cultural transformation that may have in some ways benefited Middle Eastern society, but at what cost? The value of any newly established state must be weighed with the value of the one it replaced, not excluding the question of why it was replaced in the first place. By modern standards, the justifications behind the actions of the Mongols are backwards and nonsensical. Consistent with historian criticisms, Mongol religion fails to incorporate any ideals of morality or legality or to provide any sort of framework for its followers. Furthermore, though they claimed to be endowed with a God given destiny, they were never able or willing to back this claim up with any sort of proof. This leads one to wonder why no one contested the actions of the Mongols during that period. The answer to that question is best illustrated in the religious debate recounted in â€Å"William Rubricks account of the Mongols† in which the exclusiveness of Mongol influence is illuminated. The Mongols sought to institute a level of fear in it’s people that would keep them quiet and prevent them from fighting back. Sadly, even those who didn’t fight back were not necessarily spared. The nonsensical violent and inhumane acts committed by the Mongols were inexcusable. The invasions ultimately led to the obliteration not only of entire Middle Eastern populations but also to that of their cultural identities. Whether what replaced those cultures was prosperous or not, there is no justification for the diabolical actions of the Mongols. humanity o Their claimed religious incentives and fatalistic belief in their destiny This brings me to the inquiry of what logical motive led the Mongols to perpetrate their invasions. During their invasions the Mongols destroyed villages, and desecrated countless schools, libraries, mosques, and palaces. In fact there have been cases in which they even destroyed damns and flooded entire villages. Another argument in favor of the Mongol’s is that the synthesis of Mongol, Turkic, Seljuq, and Iranian concepts gave birth to a new level of creativity in the Middle East. Ibn al- athir is recognizing the impossibility that any religion could provide justification for the atrocious actions of the Mongols. The powerful impact of Mongol religion and ideology on their militant actions qualifies them as extremists. In Hulegu Khans warning to the inhabitants of Baghdad he asserts his belief that he is doing his part in carrying out God’s given destiny: â€Å"I will burn your city, your land and yourself. If you wish to spare yourself and your venerable family, give heed to my advice†¦ If you do not, you will see what God has willed† (97). When a movement as enormous in scope and strength as the Mongol’s claim to have a purpose that is endowed to them by God, their influence is automatically multiplied. William of Rubruck’s Account of the Mongols† provides a detailed Western Account of the Mongol invasions. The religious debate included in his account, addresses the areas in which Christian ideology conflicts with institutionalized Mongol religion of the time. One significant principle that incited conflict among the religious parties present was the omnipotence of God. Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. and Lawrence Davidson, A Concise History of the Middle East Ninth Edition, Boulder, CO, Westview Press, 2010, 95-98 How to cite Mongol Criticisms, Papers

NATO Enlargement Essays - Enlargement Of NATO, NATO,

NATO Enlargement NATO Enlargement After World War II ended, the threat of communism captured the attention of both North America and Western Europe. A military operations group --called the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)-- was formed to shield Western Europe from the communistic Eastern Europe. NATO benefited for its members in four ways: it provided the defenses of all members in case an ally was attacked; it kept a spot for the U.S. in Europe; it helped each war-stricken European country recover from W.W.II; and it helped contain the Soviet Union - and communism (Ullman et al. 67). As Western Europe has recovered from a 50-year-old war and as communism is no longer a threat to the world, NATO's role is now changing slightly, bringing a need for new capabilities on the part of NATO together with a need for enlargement. While NATO is changing its role to the world, it should also be flexible enough to change its members. The U.S. should support NATO expansion into Central Europe. By preventing future conflicts in Europe and by increasing the communication lines when addressing security problems, the enlargement of NATO would make America safer . Enlargement would put both democracy and stability in Central Europe in place with burgeoning economics that often follow the establishment of democracies. NATO's military would also be strengthened significantly. Since both world wars took place in Europe and many American soldiers died, the United States must prevent future conflicts in Europe. As both of the Bosnian and Kosovar conflicts have proven, Europe is not completely danger-free ("The Enlargement..."). An enlarged NATO would help bring more countries into security planning. Having more countries knowledgeable about the ideas of terrorism, weapons proliferation, and ethnic cleansing, might lead to stable alliance deals ("Why NATO..."). For instance, ten major agreements among Central European nations during this decade settled border and ethnic disputes. What is more, most of these disputes occurred to get the attention of NATO's board ("The Enlargement..."). Romania began to provided protection for ethnic minorities. Poland deepened the civilian control of the military ("Why NATO..."). NATO addressed each situation. These actions have not gone unnoticed by the U.S. either. By settling disputes now, the United States will avoid future European conflicts while obtaining security and satisfying other economic interests. NATO's proficiency in solving conflicts has something to do with its structuring. To become a member of NATO, nations have to meet certain expectations. Part of NATO's success has to do with its selectivity. Even though many nations applied to NATO and only three were accepted, the nations who applied are trying to meet the expectations in order to be allowed in. An important facet of NATO's success has to do with its expectations. One such expectation is the need for a stable democratic system of government (Ullman et al. 71). All twelve countries wishing to be part of NATO have been striving to gain stable governments and economies. If all the nations can achieve this, and thus are allowed into NATO, the result would be a not only larger and more efficient NATO, but a more stable and democratic Europe. Another facet of NATO that both the U.S. and other NATO nations find appealing is the security provided by a stronger military. Obviously, enlarging NATO would add more troops to the alliance, making NATO a more efficient organization. Fore example, Poland has already been working alongside NATO's troops in Bosnia, giving them the experience needed to work efficiently in the NATO military. Poland also has the largest and most capable military in Eastern Europe ("Secretary Cohen Speech"). Hungary, too, has worked with over 95,000 U.S. military personnel through the Hungarian air bas at Taszar. The Czech Republic sent a 200-man decontamination unit to Desert Storm to help U.S. troops. These three nations alone will add almost 300,000 soldiers, sailors and airmen to the alliance ("Sec. Cohen Speech"). Some people might think of extending the military capability of NATO as an exercise double. The truth is the only recent peace in the contemporary world has been the work of military forces (such as NATO) in the form of peacekeeping. For NATO to choose not to enlarge means a failure to live up to its potential. The alliance has the ability to be a positive superpower to the world. As far back as the 30's, philosophers of the world began to feel the need for such an organization. Pierre Teille du Jardin wrote of one world kept in peace by a strong international force. By 1040 the leaders of the world brought that dream to reality and NATO became real. A strong international agency, such as